American Board of Pathology (ABPath) Practice Test

Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory system, but it also has significant implications for the pancreas. In individuals with cystic fibrosis, the mutation in the CFTR gene results in the production of thick and sticky mucus, which obstructs the pancreatic ducts. This obstruction leads to a number of pancreatic complications.

Chronic pancreatitis is a common condition in these patients due to the persistent blockage of the ducts, leading to inflammation and damage over time. The damaged pancreas can result in insufficient digestive enzyme production, malabsorption, and complications with insulin production.

Acute pancreatitis can also occur in cystic fibrosis cases, often triggered by episodes of increased duct obstruction or other factors. The exposure of the pancreas to the thick mucus can lead to inflammation and acute episodes, which may require hospitalization.

Therefore, cystic fibrosis can lead to both chronic pancreatitis as a long-term complication and acute pancreatitis due to episodic inflammatory events. This reflects the multifaceted nature of pancreatic disease in cystic fibrosis, providing a basis for selecting the option indicating that both acute and chronic pancreatitis can result from this condition.